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Some boot mechanisms require that kernel parameters are stored in a
separate file which is loaded to memory without further processing
(e.g. the "Load from FTP" method on s390). When such a file contains
newline characters, the kernel parameter preceding the newline might
not be correctly parsed (due to the newline being stuck to the end of
the actual parameter value) which can lead to boot failures.

This patch improves kernel command line usability in such a situation
by allowing generic whitespace characters as separators between kernel
parameters.
Signed-off-by: Peter Oberparleiter <oberpar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>

Impact: API cleanup

For historical reasons, 'bool' parameters must be an int, not a bool.
But there are around 600 users, so a conversion seems like useless churn.

So we use __same_type() to distinguish, and handle both cases.
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>

Impact: cleanup

Rather than hack KPARAM_KMALLOCED into the perm field, separate it out.
Since the perm field was 32 bits and only needs 16, we don't add bloat.
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>

It takes an 'int' for historical reasons, and there are only two
users: simply switch it over to bool.

The other user (uvesafb.c) will get a (harmless-on-x86) warning until
the next patch is applied.

Cc: Brad Douglas <brad@neruo.com>
Cc: Michal Januszewski <spock@gentoo.org>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>

Impact: fix crash on reading from /sys/module/.../ieee80211_default_rc_algo

The module_param type "charp" simply sets a char * pointer in the
module to the parameter in the commandline string: this is why we keep
the (mangled) module command line around.  But when set via sysfs (as
about 11 charp parameters can be) this memory is freed on the way
out of the write().  Future reads hit random mem.

So we kstrdup instead: we have to check we're not in early commandline
parsing, and we have to note when we've used it so we can reliably
kfree the parameter when it's next overwritten, and also on module
unload.

(Thanks to Randy Dunlap for CONFIG_SYSFS=n fixes)
Reported-by: Sitsofe Wheeler <sitsofe@yahoo.com>
Diagnosed-by: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Tested-by: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Tested-by: Christof Schmitt <christof.schmitt@de.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>

Move free_module_param_attrs() into the CONFIG_MODULES section, since
it's only used inside there. Thus avoiding the warning

  kernel/params.c:514: warning: 'free_module_param_attrs' defined but not used
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

There are a lot of one-liner uses of __setup() in the kernel: they're
cumbersome and not queryable (definitely not settable) via /sys.  Yet
it's ugly to simplify them to module_param(), because by default that
inserts a prefix of the module name (usually filename).

So, introduce a "core_param".  The parameter gets no prefix, but
appears in /sys/module/kernel/parameters/ (if non-zero perms arg).  I
thought about using the name "core", but that's more common than
"kernel".  And if you create a module called "kernel", you will die
a horrible death.
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>

Instead of insisting each new module_param sysfs entry is unique,
handle the case where it already exists (for builtin modules).

The current code assumes that all identical prefixes are together in
the section: true for normal uses, but not necessarily so if someone
overrides MODULE_PARAM_PREFIX.  More importantly, it's not true with
the new "core_param()" code which uses "kernel" as a prefix.

This simplifies the caller for the builtin case, at a slight loss of
efficiency (we do the lookup every time to see if the directory
exists).
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>

The kparam code tries to handle over-length parameter prefixes at
runtime.  Not only would I bet this has never been tested, it's not
clear that truncating names is a good idea either.

So let's check at compile time.  We need to move the #define to
moduleparam.h to do this, though.
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>

Currently, for every sysfs node, the callers will be responsible for
implementing store operation, so many many callers are doing duplicate
things to validate input, they have the same mistakes because they are
calling simple_strtol/ul/ll/uul, especially for module params, they are
just numeric, but you can echo such values as 0x1234xxx, 07777888 and
1234aaa, for these cases, module params store operation just ignores
succesive invalid char and converts prefix part to a numeric although input
is acctually invalid.

This patch tries to fix the aforementioned issues and implements
strict_strtox serial functions, kernel/params.c uses them to strictly
validate input, so module params will reject such values as 0x1234xxxx and
returns an error:

write error: Invalid argument

Any modules which export numeric sysfs node can use strict_strtox instead of
simple_strtox to reject any invalid input.

Here are some test results:

Before applying this patch:

[root@yangyi-dev /]# cat /sys/module/e1000/parameters/copybreak
4096
[root@yangyi-dev /]# echo 0x1000 > /sys/module/e1000/parameters/copybreak
[root@yangyi-dev /]# cat /sys/module/e1000/parameters/copybreak
4096
[root@yangyi-dev /]# echo 0x1000g > /sys/module/e1000/parameters/copybreak
[root@yangyi-dev /]# cat /sys/module/e1000/parameters/copybreak
4096
[root@yangyi-dev /]# echo 0x1000gggggggg > /sys/module/e1000/parameters/copybreak
[root@yangyi-dev /]# cat /sys/module/e1000/parameters/copybreak
4096
[root@yangyi-dev /]# echo 010000 > /sys/module/e1000/parameters/copybreak
[root@yangyi-dev /]# cat /sys/module/e1000/parameters/copybreak
4096
[root@yangyi-dev /]# echo 0100008 > /sys/module/e1000/parameters/copybreak
[root@yangyi-dev /]# cat /sys/module/e1000/parameters/copybreak
4096
[root@yangyi-dev /]# echo 010000aaaaa > /sys/module/e1000/parameters/copybreak
[root@yangyi-dev /]# cat /sys/module/e1000/parameters/copybreak
4096
[root@yangyi-dev /]#

After applying this patch:

[root@yangyi-dev /]# cat /sys/module/e1000/parameters/copybreak
4096
[root@yangyi-dev /]# echo 0x1000 > /sys/module/e1000/parameters/copybreak
[root@yangyi-dev /]# cat /sys/module/e1000/parameters/copybreak
4096
[root@yangyi-dev /]# echo 0x1000g > /sys/module/e1000/parameters/copybreak
-bash: echo: write error: Invalid argument
[root@yangyi-dev /]# cat /sys/module/e1000/parameters/copybreak
4096
[root@yangyi-dev /]# echo 0x1000gggggggg > /sys/module/e1000/parameters/copybreak
-bash: echo: write error: Invalid argument
[root@yangyi-dev /]# echo 010000 > /sys/module/e1000/parameters/copybreak
[root@yangyi-dev /]# echo 0100008 > /sys/module/e1000/parameters/copybreak
-bash: echo: write error: Invalid argument
[root@yangyi-dev /]# echo 010000aaaaa > /sys/module/e1000/parameters/copybreak
-bash: echo: write error: Invalid argument
[root@yangyi-dev /]# cat /sys/module/e1000/parameters/copybreak
4096
[root@yangyi-dev /]# echo -n 4096 > /sys/module/e1000/parameters/copybreak
[root@yangyi-dev /]# cat /sys/module/e1000/parameters/copybreak
4096
[root@yangyi-dev /]#

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix compiler warnings]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix off-by-one found by tiwai@suse.de]
Signed-off-by: Yi Yang <yi.y.yang@intel.com>
Cc: Greg KH <greg@kroah.com>
Cc: "Randy.Dunlap" <rdunlap@xenotime.net>
Cc: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hugh@veritas.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Fixing:
  CHECK   kernel/params.c
kernel/params.c:329:41: warning: incorrect type in argument 8 (different signedness)
kernel/params.c:329:41:    expected int *num
kernel/params.c:329:41:    got unsigned int *
Signed-off-by: Richard Knutsson <ricknu-0@student.ltu.se>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

the original code use KOBJ_NAME_LEN for built-in module name length,
that's defined to 20 in linux/kobject.h, but this is not enough appearntly,
many module names are longer than this;
 #define KOBJ_NAME_LEN                   20

another macro is MODULE_NAME_LEN defined in linux/module.h, I think this is
enough for module names:
 #define MODULE_NAME_LEN (64 - sizeof(unsigned long))
Signed-off-by: Denis Cheng <crquan@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>

Now that kobjects properly clean up their name structures, no matter if
they have a release function or not, we can drop this empty module
kobject release function too (it was needed prior to this because of the
way we handled static kobject names, we based the fact that if a release
function was present, then we could safely free the name string, now we
are more smart about things and only free names we have previously set.)

Cc: Kay Sievers <kay.sievers@vrfy.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>

This converts the code to use the new kobject functions, cleaning up the
logic in doing so.

Cc: Kay Sievers <kay.sievers@vrfy.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>

Dynamically create the kset instead of declaring it statically.  We also
rename module_subsys to module_kset to catch all users of the variable.

Cc: Kay Sievers <kay.sievers@vrfy.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>

We don't need a "default" ktype for a kset.  We should set this
explicitly every time for each kset.  This change is needed so that we
can make ksets dynamic, and cleans up one of the odd, undocumented
assumption that the kset/kobject/ktype model has.

This patch is based on a lot of help from Kay Sievers.

Nasty bug in the block code was found by Dave Young
<hidave.darkstar@gmail.com>

Cc: Kay Sievers <kay.sievers@vrfy.org>
Cc: Dave Young <hidave.darkstar@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>

This patch allows the various users of attribute_groups to selectively
allow the appearance of group attributes.  The primary consumer of
this will be the transport classes in which we currently have
elaborate attribute selection algorithms to do this same thing.
Acked-by: Greg KH <greg@kroah.com>
Signed-off-by: James Bottomley <James.Bottomley@HansenPartnership.com>

Due to the change in kobject name handling, the module kobject needs to
have a null release function to ensure that the name it previously set
will be properly cleaned up.

All of this wierdness goes away in 2.6.25 with the rework of the kobject
name and cleanup logic, but this is required for 2.6.24.

Thanks to Alexey Dobriyan for finding the problem, and to Kay Sievers
for pointing out the simple way to fix it after I tried many complex
ways.

Cc: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com>
Cc: Kay Sievers <kay.sievers@vrfy.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>

Commit faf8c714

 caused a regression:
parameter names longer than MAX_KBUILD_MODNAME will now be rejected,
although we just need to keep the module name part that short.  This patch
restores the old behaviour while still avoiding that memchr is called with
its length parameter larger than the total string length.
Signed-off-by: Jan Kiszka <jan.kiszka@web.de>
Cc: Dave Young <hidave.darkstar@gmail.com>
Cc: Greg KH <greg@kroah.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

If memchr argument is longer than strlen(kp->name), there will be some
weird result.

It will casuse duplicate filenames in sysfs for the "nousb".  kernel
warning messages are as bellow:

sysfs: duplicate filename 'usbcore' can not be created
WARNING: at fs/sysfs/dir.c:416 sysfs_add_one()
 [<c01c4750>] sysfs_add_one+0xa0/0xe0
 [<c01c4ab8>] create_dir+0x48/0xb0
 [<c01c4b69>] sysfs_create_dir+0x29/0x50
 [<c024e0fb>] create_dir+0x1b/0x50
 [<c024e3b6>] kobject_add+0x46/0x150
 [<c024e2da>] kobject_init+0x3a/0x80
 [<c053b880>] kernel_param_sysfs_setup+0x50/0xb0
 [<c053b9ce>] param_sysfs_builtin+0xee/0x130
 [<c053ba33>] param_sysfs_init+0x23/0x60
 [<c024d062>] __next_cpu+0x12/0x20
 [<c052aa30>] kernel_init+0x0/0xb0
 [<c052aa30>] kernel_init+0x0/0xb0
 [<c052a856>] do_initcalls+0x46/0x1e0
 [<c01bdb12>] create_proc_entry+0x52/0x90
 [<c0158d4c>] register_irq_proc+0x9c/0xc0
 [<c01bda94>] proc_mkdir_mode+0x34/0x50
 [<c052aa30>] kernel_init+0x0/0xb0
 [<c052aa92>] kernel_init+0x62/0xb0
 [<c0104f83>] kernel_thread_helper+0x7/0x14
 =======================
kobject_add failed for usbcore with -EEXIST, don't try to register things with the same name in the same directory.
 [<c024e466>] kobject_add+0xf6/0x150
 [<c053b880>] kernel_param_sysfs_setup+0x50/0xb0
 [<c053b9ce>] param_sysfs_builtin+0xee/0x130
 [<c053ba33>] param_sysfs_init+0x23/0x60
 [<c024d062>] __next_cpu+0x12/0x20
 [<c052aa30>] kernel_init+0x0/0xb0
 [<c052aa30>] kernel_init+0x0/0xb0
 [<c052a856>] do_initcalls+0x46/0x1e0
 [<c01bdb12>] create_proc_entry+0x52/0x90
 [<c0158d4c>] register_irq_proc+0x9c/0xc0
 [<c01bda94>] proc_mkdir_mode+0x34/0x50
 [<c052aa30>] kernel_init+0x0/0xb0
 [<c052aa92>] kernel_init+0x62/0xb0
 [<c0104f83>] kernel_thread_helper+0x7/0x14
 =======================
Module 'usbcore' failed to be added to sysfs, error number -17
The system will be unstable now.
Signed-off-by: Dave Young <hidave.darkstar@gmail.com>
Cc: Greg KH <greg@kroah.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

.. in an effort to make read-only whatever can be made, so that
CONFIG_DEBUG_RODATA can catch as many issues as possible.
Signed-off-by: Jan Beulich <jbeulich@novell.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

This helps people when debugging problems like the ones that were in the
recent -mm releases.
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>

sysfs is now completely out of driver/module lifetime game.  After
deletion, a sysfs node doesn't access anything outside sysfs proper,
so there's no reason to hold onto the attribute owners.  Note that
often the wrong modules were accounted for as owners leading to
accessing removed modules.

This patch kills now unnecessary attribute->owner.  Note that with
this change, userland holding a sysfs node does not prevent the
backing module from being unloaded.

For more info regarding lifetime rule cleanup, please read the
following message.

  http://article.gmane.org/gmane.linux.kernel/510293



(tweaked by Greg to not delete the field just yet, to make it easier to
merge things properly.)
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <htejun@gmail.com>
Cc: Cornelia Huck <cornelia.huck@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>

This fixes the comment for the function param_array. Which lies that it
only *temporarily* mangle the input string @val.
Signed-off-by: Bert Wesarg <wesarg@informatik.uni-halle.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

We need to work on cleaning up the relationship between kobjects, ksets and
ktypes.  The removal of 'struct subsystem' is the first step of this,
especially as it is not really needed at all.

Thanks to Kay for fixing the bugs in this patch.
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>

Catch malformed kernel parameter usage of "param = value".  Spaces are not
supported, but don't cause a kernel fault on such usage, just report an
error.
Signed-off-by: Randy Dunlap <randy.dunlap@oracle.com>
Acked-by: Larry Finger <Larry.Finger@lwfinger.net>
Acked-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

This reverts commit c353c3fb

.

It turns out that we end up with a loop trying to load the unix
module and calling netfilter to do that.  Will redo the patch
later to not have this loop.
Acked-by: Kay Sievers <kay.sievers@vrfy.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>

Fix source files to build with CONFIG_SYSFS=n.
module_subsys is not available.

SYSFS=n, MODULES=y:	T:y
SYSFS=n, MODULES=n:	T:y

SYSFS=y, MODULES=y:	T:y
SYSFS=y, MODULES=n:	T:y
Signed-off-by: Randy Dunlap <randy.dunlap@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>

On recent systems, calls to /sbin/modprobe are handled by udev depending
on the kind of device the kernel has discovered. This patch creates an
uevent for the kernels internal request_module(), to let udev take control
over the request, instead of forking the binary directly by the kernel.
The direct execution of /sbin/modprobe can be disabled by setting:
  /sys/module/kmod/mod_request_helper (/proc/sys/kernel/modprobe)
to an empty string, the same way /proc/sys/kernel/hotplug is disabled on an
udev system.
Signed-off-by: Kay Sievers <kay.sievers@vrfy.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>

  /sys/module/usbcore/
  |-- drivers
  |   |-- usb:hub -> ../../../subsystem/usb/drivers/hub
  |   |-- usb:usb -> ../../../subsystem/usb/drivers/usb
  |   `-- usb:usbfs -> ../../../subsystem/usb/drivers/usbfs
  |-- holders
  |   |-- ehci_hcd -> ../../../module/ehci_hcd
  |   |-- uhci_hcd -> ../../../module/uhci_hcd
  |   |-- usb_storage -> ../../../module/usb_storage
  |   `-- usbhid -> ../../../module/usbhid
  |-- initstate
Signed-off-by: Kay Sievers <kay.sievers@vrfy.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>

This changes the module core to only create the drivers/ directory if we
are going to put something in it.

Cc: Kay Sievers <kay.sievers@vrfy.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>

Signed-off-by: Kay Sievers <kay.sievers@vrfy.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>

The parsing of some kernel parameters seem to enable irq's at a stage that
irq's are not supposed to be enabled (Particularly the ide kernel parameters).

Having irq's enabled before the irq controller is initialized might lead to a
kernel panic.  This patch only detects this behaviour and warns about wich
parameter caused it.

[akpm@osdl.org: cleanups]
Signed-off-by: Ard van Breemen <ard@telegraafnet.nl>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>

Initialize module_subsys earlier (or at least earlier than devices) since
it could be used very early in the boot process if kmod loads a module
before the device initcalls.  Otherwise, kmod will crash in
kernel/module.c:mod_sysfs_setup() since the kset in module_subsys is not
initialized yet.

I only noticed this problem because occasionally, kmod loads the modules
for my SCSI and Ethernet adapters very early, during the boot process
itself.  I don't quite understand why it loads them sometimes and doesn't
load them other times.  Or who is telling kmod to do so.  Can someone
explain?
Signed-off-by: Mark Huang <mlhuang@cs.princeton.edu>
Cc: Greg KH <greg@kroah.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>

Check driver layer return values in kernel/params.c
Signed-off-by: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@xenotime.net>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>

Signed-off-by: Jörn Engel <joern@wohnheim.fh-wedel.de>
Signed-off-by: Adrian Bunk <bunk@stusta.de>

Since dash2underscore() just operates and returns chars, I guess its safe
to change the return value to a char.  With my .config, this reduces its
size by 5 bytes.

   text    data     bss     dec     hex filename
   4155     152       0    4307    10d3 params.o.orig
   4150     152       0    4302    10ce params.o
Signed-off-by: Eric Sesterhenn <snakebyte@gmx.de>
Signed-off-by: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Adrian Bunk <bunk@stusta.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>

param_array() in kernel/params.c can now become static.
Signed-off-by: Adrian Bunk <bunk@stusta.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>

The module files, refcnt, version, and srcversion did not properly
increment the owner's module reference count, allowing the modules to
be removed while the files were open, causing oopses.

This patch fixes this, and also fixes the problem that the version and
srcversion files were not showing up, unless CONFIG_MODULE_UNLOAD was
enabled, which is not correct.

Cc: Nathan Lynch <ntl@pobox.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>

All the work was done to setup the file and maintain the file handles but
the access functions were zeroed out due to the #ifdef.  Removing the
#ifdef allows full access to all the parameters when CONFIG_MODULES=n.

akpm: put it back again, but use CONFIG_SYSFS instead.
Signed-off-by: Jason Wessel <jason.wessel@windriver.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Adrian Bunk <bunk@stusta.de>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>